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Les trams jaunes de Bruxelles (souvenirs de mon enfance)

Dès l'âge de cinq ans et jusqu'en 1996, mes parents et mes frères ont vécu à l'est de la capitale belge. Bien que je ne sois jamais devenu belge, Bruxelles reste ma ville d'adoption. Bruxelles évoque bien des choses (les gaufres liégeoises, les frites, les chocolats Leonidas, la Grand Place, les Galleries, les autoroutes), mais pour moi, elle rappelle avant tout les tramways jaunes de la STIB. Les premiers tramways sont apparus à Bruxelles en 1867; à l'époque, ils étaient tractés par des chevaux. L'électrification du réseau a commencé en 1894. Il existait initialement plusieurs compagnies de tramway (BIB, CFE, etc.), mais elles ont fini par fusionner et, en 1914, ont adopté la célèbre livrée jaune primevère. Deux lignes de tramway, en particulier, sont associées à mes souvenirs d'enfance à Bruxelles: la 39 et la 44. La ligne 44 remonte à l'Exposition internationale de Bruxelles de 1897. C'est à cette époque que le roi Léopold II de Belgique a fait co...
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Ma biographie en francais

Je m'appelle Russell Phillips. J'ai 52 ans et je suis d'origine britannique. En 1979, mes parents se sont installés à Bruxelles, où j'ai passé toute mon enfance jusqu'à l'âge de 18 ans: à Woluwe-St-Pierre puis à Wezembeek. J'ai fréquenté l'École européenne, où j'ai fait mon bacc en 1992. Après mes études secondaires en Belgique, j'ai fait une année de service volontaire en Allemagne, puis je suis allé à l'université en Angleterre pour y étudier l'allemand et le russe. L'annee 1995/6 j'ai passe en Siberie pour pratiquer la langue. C'est là que j'ai rencontré ma femme, Oxana. Apres avoir terminé mon premier cycle universitaire, j'ai fait un master en traduction en Écosse, a Edimbourg. Apres l'université, j'ai travaillé comme traducteur indépendant, puis comme employé d'église. En 1998, Oxana m'a rejoint en Ecosse, et nous nous sommes mariés en 1999. En 2000, Oxana a commencé un programme de formation pour...

Interrogative or relative adverb: "how are you" or "how you are"

The following sentence has the words in the wrong order: "He told me how is he getting to the party this evening." The correct order should be: "He told me how he is getting to the party this evening."  The reason for the mistake is that the word "how" appears to be a normal interrogative (question-word), which would require the object and verb to be inverted as in, for example, "How are you?" (Not: "How you are?")    In the sentence above, however, the word "how" is not an interrogative (question-word) but rather what is called a "relative adverb". It is not a question as such, but rather the person is sharing some factual information, namely "how he is getting to the party this evening".  Here are similar sentences with interrogatives (question-words) that function as relative adverbs or pronouns.  He told me what his name is. (Not: he told me what is his name) They asked me where I live (Not: they asked ...

Common phrases in Urdu

1. Mujhay chay chahiye. = I would like some tea 2. Mere tin beTia hay. = I have three daughters 3. Kya hal hai? = How is your health? 4. Aaj gurmi mosum hay. = It is warm weather today 5. Phir melen ge = see you later 6. Aap kaiseh hain? = How are you? 7. Meri madri zubaan angrezi hay. 8. Kya aap ke pas numuck hay? 9. Mere pas numuck nahi hay. 10. Mein school ja raha hun. 11. Aur aap? = What about you?  12. Aap kahan se hain? = Where are you from. 13. Meri mulk Angrezistan hay.  14. Kya app musroof hain? = Are you busy?  15. Aapko naam kya hay? 16. Kya aap cricket kel rahe hain?  17. Mera dost geet geanga.  18. Kya aapko chuvul chahiye? = Do you want rice?  19. Kya ye masjid ka raasta hay?  20. Mein rat ko kam karta hun. = I work at night 

50 common phrases in English

1. Pleased to meet you. 2. Can I have a coffee please? 3. I wonder if you can tell me where the toilet is. 4. I am looking for carrots. 5. Is this the right stop for the 135 bus? 6. I don't think we have met. My name is Sarah. 7. Sorry, I didn't understand what you just said. 8. Sorry, could you repeat that, please? 9. Is this seat taken? 10. Could you point me in the direction of the post office? 11. Can I get you something to drink?  12. Could you tell me what the time is, please?  13. My name is Sarah and I live in Bury.  14. How much does this cost?  15. Please come in, welcome. 16. This is where you will be staying.  17. If you need it, the toilet is just through there on the left. 17. Do you have a minute? 18. Is this a good time to talk?  19. What would you like to drink?  20. Is this the right place for the job interview? 21. Is there somewhere I can leave my bag?  22. I am here to collect a parcel.  23. Are you ready for your breakfa...

Learning Urdu (part 2)

It is now over 2 years since I started to learn Urdu. I have already posted a blog on my initial observations.  As time has progressed, I am slowly becoming more familiar with the language, and, when I improvise a new sentence, some of my "guesses" prove right.  One thing to get used to is that "a" is a marker of the masculine singular (in Indo-European languages I am familiar with, it is a marker of feminine singular), "i" is a marker of feminine gender (singular and plural), and "e" is a marker of the masculine plural.  Urdu verbs seem quite straightforward. In the infinitive, verbs typically end in "na" ("hona" to be, "karna" do to, "sona" to sleep, "sunna" to hear etc.). When conjugating a verb, the root is used with or without an ending, eg "mein kam KARTA hun" means "I am working" where KARTA is the root KAR plus the ending TA to express a habitual present tense.  Vocabul...

Learning Urdu

Urdu isn't the first foreign language I have taken up. In fact, I think it might be the 16th. About a year and a half ago I moved to Bury, Greater Manchester to work as the pastor of a local Christian church, Radcliffe Road Baptist Church. And a large proportion of the local population have Urdu (and/or Punjabi) as their other language. So I thought I should give it a go. Urdu, like Farsi, is an Indo-European language. That means that it belongs to the same family of language as French, German or Polish. Even though it might seem more distant and less familiar, plenty of words are recognisably the same, such as "naam" (name) or "aat" (eight). Also, the general rules of how the language works seem familiar too.  At the same time, there are plenty of obstacles/challenges: 1. Urdu is written in a version of the Arabic script called "nastaliq". This requires mastery of the Arabic letters (for example ب is "b"), the direction of the script (right-...